AMC 10 · 2020 · #1

Grade 7 arithmetic
multi-digit-arithmeticorder-of-operations pattern-recognitionidentify-subproblems ↑ Prerequisites: multi-digit-arithmetic
📏 Short solution 💡 1 insight

Problem

What is the value of
1(2)3(4)5(6)?1-(-2)-3-(-4)-5-(-6)?

Pick an answer.

(A)
-20
(B)
-3
(C)
3
(D)
5
(E)
21
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Toolkit + CCSS Solution

Understand

Restated: Compute the value of $1-(-2)-3-(-4)-5-(-6)$.

Givens: Six numbers strung together with subtraction signs; Three of the numbers are negative: $-2$, $-4$, $-6$; Three of the numbers are positive: $1$, $3$, $5$; Answer choices: (A) $-20$, (B) $-3$, (C) $3$, (D) $5$, (E) $21$

Unknowns: The single number this expression equals

Understand

Restated: Compute the value of $1-(-2)-3-(-4)-5-(-6)$.

Givens: Six numbers strung together with subtraction signs; Three of the numbers are negative: $-2$, $-4$, $-6$; Three of the numbers are positive: $1$, $3$, $5$; Answer choices: (A) $-20$, (B) $-3$, (C) $3$, (D) $5$, (E) $21$

Plan

Primary tool: #5 Look for a Pattern

Secondary: #15 Reorganize Information

Tool #5 (Look for a Pattern): the signs alternate in a clean rhythm — every other term is “minus a negative,” which flips to “plus.” Spotting that pattern turns the scary-looking string into a simple add/subtract problem. Tool #15 (Reorganize) helps once the signs are fixed: group the positives and negatives separately so the arithmetic is just two small sums.

Execute — Answer: D

#5 Look for a Pattern 7.NS.A.1 Step 1

Rewrite every “minus a negative” as “plus the positive.” So $-(-2)$ becomes $+2$, $-(-4)$ becomes $+4$, and $-(-6)$ becomes $+6$.

$$1-(-2)-3-(-4)-5-(-6) = 1+2-3+4-5+6$$

💡 Two minus signs back-to-back cancel each other — the same rule we use for $5-(-3)=8$.

#15 Reorganize Information 3.OA.B.5 Step 2

Reorganize: collect the positive numbers and the negative numbers into two separate groups so each sum is easy.

$$(1+2+4+6) + (-3-5) = 13 + (-8)$$

💡 Addition can be reordered (commutative property), so we group the friendly numbers together.

#5 Look for a Pattern 7.NS.A.1 Step 3
  • Add the positives: $1+2+4+6 = 13$.
  • Add the negatives: $-3 + (-5) = -8$.
  • Combine: $13 + (-8) = 5$.
$$13 + (-8) = 5 \;\Rightarrow\; \textbf{(D)}$$

💡 Once the signs are fixed, this is single-digit arithmetic.

[1] #5 7.NS.A.1 Rewrite every “minus a negative” as “plus the positive.” So $-(-2)$ becomes $+2$
[2] #15 3.OA.B.5 Reorganize: collect the positive numbers and the negative numbers into two separ
[3] #5 7.NS.A.1 Add the positives: $1+2+4+6 = 13$. Add the negatives: $-3 + (-5) = -8$. Combine:

Review

Reasonableness: Recompute left-to-right without grouping: $1-(-2)=3$; $3-3=0$; $0-(-4)=4$; $4-5=-1$; $-1-(-6)=5$. Same answer, so (D) is correct.

Alternative: Tool #1 (Draw a Diagram) — plot each step on a number line, jumping right for “minus a negative” and left for plain subtraction. The final landing spot is $5$.

CCSS standards used (min grade 7)

  • 3.OA.B.5 Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide (Using the commutative property of addition to regroup positives and negatives before summing.)
  • 7.NS.A.1 Apply and extend understanding of addition and subtraction to rational numbers (Rewriting $-(-n)$ as $+n$ and adding signed numbers to reach $5$.)

⭐ This AMC 10 problem only needs Grade 7 “subtracting a negative is adding a positive” you already know — the messy string is really $1+2-3+4-5+6 = 5$.

⭐ This AMC 10 problem only needs Grade 7 “subtracting a negative is adding a positive” you already know — the messy string is really $1+2-3+4-5+6 = 5$.